- over 6.8 billion people on the planet right now
- increaasing by over 80 million per year
- 14,000 births per year
- we are going to get 7 billion sometime in 2011
- the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year
- High: Japan
- #38: US
- Low: Swaziland
- men have more dangerous jobs (eg. lumberjack)
- women go to the doctor more than men
Measuring Population
- crude birth rate: number of births per 1000 of the population
- crude death rate: number of deaths per 1,000 of the population
- net migration rate: the difference between the number of persons entering and leaving a country during the year
- an excess of persons entering the country is net immigration
- -> written as a positive number
- an excess of persons entering the country is net emigration
- -> written as a negative number
push forces
- civil war
- enviromental degradation
- unemployment
- religious or ethnic persecution
- better economic oppurtunity
- better health services
- religious freedom
- political freedom
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
- average number of children born per woman
- for a population to remain the same, the TFR must be 2.1
- higher than 2.1: population rises
- lower than 2.1: population fails
- World TFR: 2.54
- US TFR: 2.05
- Europe's TFR: 1.45
- Africa's TFR: 5.14
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